## イントロダクション

PMHF論文das2016$\dagger$の続きです。

The international standard ISO 26262 “Road vehicles - Functional safety” has been released in final form since late 2011 [1]. It provides a standardized set of processes and methods to assure the functional safety of electrical and electronic systems in the automotive domain. The standard is an evolution of the IEC 61508 functional safety standard, applied specifically to the automotive realm [2].

ISO 26262 requires a variety of processes and frameworks for safety management, safety concept development, requirements flow-down, and verification & validation activities. The standard also requires quantified metrics to be calculated for safety-related systems.

ISO 26262 は、安全管理、安全コンセプト開発、要求事項のフローダウン、検証・検証活動のためのさまざまなプロセスやフレームワークを要求している。また、安全関連システムの定量化されたメトリクスの計算も要求している。

Of particular interest is the Probabilistic Metric for Hardware Failure (or PMHF), which represents a calculated estimate of the rate of hazard occurrence due to random hardware failures. This value must be calculated for systems rated at a high Automotive Safety Integrity Level (or ASIL2). Specifically, systems rated at ASIL C or ASIL D must achieve targets such as those proposed by the standard and listed in Table 1.

$\dagger$N. Das and W. Taylor, "Quantified fault tree techniques for calculating hardware fault metrics according to ISO 26262," 2016 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering (ISPCE), Anaheim, CA, 2016, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/ISPCE.2016.7492848.

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